RETENÇÃO DE CAROTENOIDES EM MILHO BIOFORTIFICADO APÓS MOAGEM VIA SECA E DURANTE ARMAZENAMENTO DOS SEUS DERIVADOS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v17n3p502-521Keywords:
Zea mays, processamento, pro-vitamina A, compostos bioativosAbstract
RESUMO - O presente estudo teve por objetivo determinar a retenção de carotenoides em milho biofortificado com carotenoides precursores de vitamina A (ProVA) processado através da moagem a seco e nos derivados canjica, fubá e creme de milho, durante o armazenamento pós-processamento por 24 dias. O perfil de carotenoides foi determinado por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) e o total de carotenoides precursores de vitamina A foi quantificado a partir das concentrações de α-caroteno, β-caroteno e β-criptoxantina. Os produtos da moagem via seca dos grãos de milho biofortificado (BRS 4104) apresentaram médias percentuais de retenção real de carotenoides totais (CT) de 75,37% (canjica), 73,51% (fubá) e 59,47% (creme) em relação aos grãos, enquanto para carotenoides ProVA os percentuais foram de 74,20% (canjica), 75,21% (fubá) e 60,55% (creme), evidenciando, em média, 30% de perdas como efeito da moagem a seco na retenção de carotenoides presentes nos grãos de milho. Durante o armazenamento ao longo do período de 24 dias ocorreu diminuição linear da retenção de CT e de ProVA nos três derivados estudados. Menores concentrações de carotenoides totais e ProVA nos produtos da moagem via seca de milho (canjica, fubá e creme de milho) e a redução na retenção dessas substâncias observadas durante armazenamento devem ser consideradas, quando da utilização de produtos do milho biofortificado como estratégia complementar em programas nutricionais para redução da deficiência de vitamina A em humanos.
Palavras-chave: Zea mays, processamento, degradação, pró-vitamina A, compostos bioativos
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CAROTENOIDS RETENTION IN BIOFORTIFIED MAIZE PROCESSED THROUGH DRY MILLING AND DURING STORAGE OF THE RESULTING PRODUCTS
ABSTRACT - The objetive of the present study was to determine the retention of carotenoids in maize biofortified with vitamin A precursors (ProVA) processed through dry milling and during storage of the products flaking grits, corn meal and fine meal. Carotenoid profile was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the total vitamin A precursor carotenoids quantified considering the concentration of α-carotene, β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin. Dry-milling products of ProVA maize BRS 4104 showed mean true retention for total carotenoids of 75.37% (flaking grits), 73.51% (corn meal) and 59.47% (fine meal), whereas retention for ProVA carotenoids were 74.20% (flaking grits), 75.21% (corn meal) and 60.55% (fine meal) revealing 30% of losses on average due to dry milling effect on the retention of carotenoids present in the maize grains. During the 24-day storage period there was a linear decrease in the retention of total carotenoids and ProVA in the three maize biofortified products. Reduced total carotenoids and ProVA contents in the maize dry milling products (flaking grits, corn meal and fine meal) compared to the whole kernels as well as the important losses of these substances during storage is recommended to be taking into account when using biofortified maize as a complementary strategy in nutrition programs focused on improvement of vitamin A deficiency in humans.
Keywords: Zea mays, processing, degradation, pro-vitamin A, bioactive compounds.
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