MODIFICATIONS IN THE ROOT SYSTEM, GAS EXCHANGES AND PRODUCTIVITY OF SORGHUM HYBRIDS CULTIVATED UNDER WATER DEFICIT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v17n3p380-389Keywords:
Sorghum bicolor, Water deficit, WinRhizo, PhotosynthesisAbstract
ABSTRACT – This study associated data of performance, gas exchange and morphometric analysis of the root system using the WinRhizo software. The main objective was to verify how the modifications in the root system contribute to maintain the photosynthetic rates and productivity in sorghum hybrids divergent regarding tolerance to water deficit. The 1G 282 tolerant hybrid presented higher tolerance to desiccation of the leaves, higher grain productivity (68.33%) and maintained its photosynthetic rate 2.13 times higher compared to the sensitive BRS 332 during the water deficit. Both hybrids presented responses related to desiccation prevention, characterized by modifications of the root system that are capable to benefit absorption of water and nutrients under stress. Besides, 1G 282 showed more developed and responsive root system, especially due to a higher superficial area of very fine roots (42.67%), volume of fine roots (36.90%) and very fine roots (53.18%) under water deficit when compared to the sensitive BRS 332 at the same conditions.
Keywords: Sorghum bicolor, roots, WinRhizo, photosynthesis.
MODIFICAÇÕES DO SISTEMA RADICULAR, TROCAS GASOSAS E PRODUTIVIDADE EM HÍBRIDOS DE SORGO CULTIVADOS SOB DÉFICIT HÍDRICO
RESUMO – O estudo em questão associou dados de rendimento, trocas gasosas e morfometria do sistema radicular utilizando o software WinRhizo. O principal objetivo foi verificar como modificações do sistema radicular contribuem para a manutenção da taxa fotossintética e produtividade em híbridos de sorgo divergentes para tolerância ao déficit hídrico (WD), sendo um tolerante (1G 282) e outro sensível (BRS 332). O híbrido tolerante 1G 282 apresentou maior tolerância à desidratação do tecido foliar, além de manter uma taxa fotossintética 2,13 vezes maior e maior rendimento de grãos (68,33%) em relação ao sensível BRS 332 durante o WD. Ambos os híbridos apresentaram respostas de prevenção à seca, caracterizada por modificações do sistema radicular capazes de favorecer a absorção de água na condição de estresse. No entanto,1G 282 demonstrou possuir um sistema radicular mais desenvolvido e responsivo, especialmente por exibir maior área superficial de raízes muito finas (42,67%) e volume de raízes finas (36,90%) e muito finas (53,18%) em condição de WD, quando comparado com o sensível BRS 332 nas mesmas condições de cultivo.
Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, raízes, WinRhizo, fotossíntese.
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