COMPATIBILIDADE DE MILHO TRANSGÊNICO COM O PARASITOIDE Trichogramma pretiosum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v16n1p43-51Abstract
RESUMO - Plantas de milho transgênicas que expressam toxinas da bactéria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) são uma alternativa para o controle de insetos-praga na cultura. No entanto, estas toxinas podem ser encontradas no pólen do milho, e organismos não alvo, como os inimigos naturais, podem ser prejudicados. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do pólen de três híbridos de milho transgênicos sobre parâmetros biológicos de adultos do parasitoide de ovos Trichogramma pretiosum em condições laboratoriais. Fêmeas recém-emergidas de T. pretiosum foram individualizadas em tubos de Duran contendo como alimento mel acrescido do pólen dos híbridos de milho transgênico AG 8011 YG (Cry1Ab), AS 1551 VT PRO (Cry1A. 105 + Cry 2Ab2) e Status Viptera (Vip3Aa20), e de seus respectivos isogênicos convencionais. Diariamente, foram ofertados, em cada tubo, ovos de Anagasta kuehniella para parasitismo. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: longevidade das fêmeas expostas ao pólen, taxa de parasitismo total, taxa de emergência e razão sexual da progênie. Os híbridos transgênicos: AG 8011 YG (Cry1Ab), AS 1551 VT PRO (Cry1A. 105 + Cry 2Ab2) e Status Viptera (Vip3Aa20), bem como seus isogênicos convencionais, não causaram efeitos deletérios sobre a longevidade e capacidade de parasitismo das fêmeas de T. pretiosum expostas aos respectivos pólens. A emergência e razão sexual da progênie também não foram negativamente afetadas, possibilitando assim a compatibilização dos transgênicos avaliados com o controle biológico natural e aplicado exercido por este parasitoide.
Palavras-chave: Bacillus thuringiensis, transgenia, manejo integrado de pragas, controle biológico, Zea mays.
COMPATIBILITY OF TRANSGENIC CORN WITH THE PARASITOID Trichogramma pretiosum
ABSTRACT - Transgenic corn expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins is an alternative for pest control in corn fields. However, some non-target organisms such as natural enemies can be impaired by corn pollen containing toxins. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the pollen from three transgenic corn varieties on biological parameters of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum under laboratorial conditions. Emerged females of T. pretiosum were placed into Duran tubes and fed with honey + pollen of corn hybrids AG 8011 YG (Cry1Ab), AS 1551 VT PRO (Cry1A. 105 + Cry 2Ab2) and Status Viptera (Vip3Aa20), as well as their respective isogenic. Daily, eggs of Anagasta kuehniella were offered in each tube for parasitism. The parameters evaluated were longevity of females exposed to pollen, total parasitism, progeny emergency and sex ratio. The transgenic hybrids AG 8011 YG (Cry1Ab), AS 1551 VT PRO (Cry1A. 105 + Cry 2Ab2), Status Viptera (Vip3Aa20) and their isogenic showed no deleterious effect on longevity and parasitism capacity of T. pretiosum females exposed to respective pollen. Emergency and sex ratio from progeny were also not adversely affected, thus enabling the compatibility of the evaluated transgenic with biological control by this parasitoid.
Keywords: Bacillus thuringiensis, transgenes, integrated pest management, biological control, Zea mays.
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