ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA NA SEVERIDADE DE DOENÇAS FOLIARES, PRODUTIVIDADE E RESPOSTAS BIOQUÍMICAS EM HÍBRIDOS DE MILHO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v17n1p1-14Keywords:
Zea mays, mecanismos de defesa.Abstract
RESUMO – O nitrogênio participa de muitos processos metabólicos relacionados aos mecanismos de defesa das plantas, podendo além de beneficiar diretamente a produtividade, auxiliar na tolerância a doenças. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da adubação nitrogenada de cobertura na severidade de doenças foliares, na produtividade e nas respostas bioquímicas em híbridos de milho. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos em campo, com delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com tratamentos dispostos em arranjo de parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições. As parcelas foram constituídas pelos híbridos e as subparcelas, pelas doses de nitrogênio. Determinou-se a área abaixo da curva de progresso da doença (AACPD), a massa de mil grãos (g), a produtividade em kg ha-1, os teores das enzimas superóxido dismutase (SOD) e catalase (CAT), o aminoácido prolina e os aminoácidos solúveis totais. A maioria dos híbridos avaliados apresentaram resposta a mancha-de-bipolaris e a antracnose-foliar mais severa nas menores doses de nitrogênio testadas (36 e 40 kg ha-1). A ferrugem-polissora foi mais severa em condições de alto nitrogênio para os híbridos ATTACK, TRAKTOR, BM 2202 e 30F53YH. A massa de mil grãos não foi influenciada pelas diferenças nas doses. A produtividade dos híbridos 2B710 e 3H842 foi maior na dose de 180 kg ha-1. A catalase e a prolina alcançaram maior e menor atividade, respectivamente, onde ocorreu maior severidade da mancha-de-bipolaris nos híbridos 2B710 e AG7088PROX. Os aminoácidos foram encontrados em maiores quantidades nas doses altas de nitrogênio.
Palavras-chave: Zea mays, nutrição, nitrogênio, patógeno, mecanismos de defesa.
NITROGEN FERTILIZATION IN LEAF DISEASE SEVERITY, PRODUCTIVITY AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES IN MAIZE HYBRIDS
ABSTRACT - Nitrogen participates in many metabolic processes related to the defense mechanisms of plants, besides being able directly to benefit the productivity, to aid in the tolerance to diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the severity of leaf diseases, productivity and biochemical responses in maize hybrids. Two experiments were conducted in the field, with a randomized complete block design, with treatments arranged in split plot arrangement, and three replications. The plots were composed of the hybrids and the subplots by the nitrogen doses. The area under the disease progress curve (AACPD), one thousand grain mass (g), yield in kg ha-1, levels of the enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), the amino acid proline and the total soluble amino acids were determined. Most of the evaluated hybrids showed a more severe bipolaris spot and foliar anthracnose response at the lowest nitrogen doses tested (36 and 40 kg ha-1). Polissora rust was more severe under high nitrogen conditions for the hybrids ATTACK, TRAKTOR, BM 2202 and 30F53YH. The mass of one thousand grains was not influenced by the differences in the doses. The productivity of the hybrids 2B710 and 3H842 was higher at the dose of 180 kg ha-1. Catalase and proline reached higher and lower activity, respectively, where the highest severity of the bipolaris spot occurred in hybrids 2B710 and AG7088PROX. Amino acids were found in higher amounts at high doses of nitrogen.
Keywords: Zea mays, nutrition, nitrogen, pathogen, defense mechanisms.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License that allows the sharing of work and recognition of the work of authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to take on additional contracts separately for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the paper published in this journal (eg, in an institutional repository or publish as a book), with acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (eg, in institutional repositories or on their website) at any point before or during the editorial process, as this may leadto productive exchanges, as well as increase the impact and citation of published work.