POTENCIAIS HÍDRICOS E TEORES DE ÁGUA NA GERMINAÇÃO DE SEMENTES E CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DE MILHETO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v15n3p619-630Keywords:
Pennisetum glaucum, polietilenoglicolAbstract
RESUMO – O processo germinativo se inicia com a absorção de água pelas sementes e é influenciado pela disponibilidade hídrica e pelo teor de água das sementes. Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de diferentes potenciais hídricos e de teores de água das sementes na germinação e crescimento de plântulas de milheto. Foram utilizadas sementes com teores de água de 14,1%; 16,1%; 20,8% e 21,9% posicionadas em caixas plásticas do tipo “gerbox” sobre duas folhas de papel toalha para germinação previamente umedecidas com 10 mL de soluções de polietilenoglicol (PEG 6000) nos potenciais hídricos de 0,0; -0,1; -0,2; -0,3; -0,4 e -0,6 MPa. As sementes foram mantidas em câmara de germinação a 25 °C sob luz branca constante. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 5, utilizando-se quatro repetições de 50 sementes cada. As sementes foram avaliadas quanto à primeira contagem, germinação, comprimento da raiz, comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento total, massa fresca e seca de plântulas. A redução dos potenciais hídricos associada aos teores de água das sementes afeta negativamente a germinação e o crescimento das plântulas de milheto, principalmente em sementes com o teor de água de 14,1%. As sementes com os teores de água acima de 16,1% são menos suscetíveis à redução das disponibilidades hídricas do substrato a partir do potencial de -0,1 MPa.
Palavras-chave: Pennisetum glaucum, polietilenoglicol, teor de água de sementes.
WATER POTENTIAL AND MOISTURE CONTENT ON SEED GERMINATION AND INITIAL GROWTH OF PEARL MILLET
ABSTRACT – The germination process starts with water absorption by seeds and is influenced by the water availability and seeds moisture content. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of different substrate water potentials and the water contents of the seeds on seed germination of pearl millet. The treatments comprised pearl millet seeds with 14.1%, 16.1%, 20.8% and 21.9% moisture content and submitted to the water availability in the substrate of 0.0 (control); -0.1; -0.2; -0.3; -0.4 and -0.6 MPa. Seeds were sowed in two germination papers and positioned inside plastic boxes of the “gerbox” type and maintained at 25ºC. A completely randomized design in a factorial scheme 4 x 5 was used, with four replications of 50 seeds per treatment. The seeds were evaluated through the first counting, germination percentage, aerial part, root length, total length and fresh and dry mass of seedlings. The reduction of the water potentials associated to the seed water contents affected negatively the seeds germination and seedlings growth of pearl millet, especially in seeds with 14.1% water content. The seeds with water content above 16.1% were less sensitive to the decrease in the water availability of the substrate from -0.1 MPa.
Keywords: Pennisetum glaucum, polyethylene glycol, seeds water content.
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