AVALIAÇÃO DE LINHAGENS S2 DE MILHO EM TOPCROSSES COM LINHAGEM-ELITE TESTADORA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v16n2p297-309Keywords:
Zea mays, produtividade, adaptabilidade.Abstract
RESUMO - O objetivo desde estudo foi avaliar o potencial de linhagens (S2) de milho em cruzamentos topcrosses, usando como testador uma linhagem-elite. Foram conduzidos quatro experimentos, dois na região Centro-Sul do Paraná e dois na região Noroeste de Minas Gerais. Em cada experimento foram avaliados 121 tratamentos, sendo 108 híbridos topcrosses de linhagens S2 cruzadas com uma linhagem-elite testadora e 13 híbridos comerciais (testemunhas). O delineamento utilizado foi o látice triplo 11x11. As parcelas foram compostas de uma linha com 5 metros, espaçamento de 0,80 metros entre linhas com população de 62.500 plantas por hectare. Foram avaliadas as características agronômicas altura de planta (AP) e espiga (AE), produtividade e estabilidade produtiva de grãos (PG). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância individual e conjunta, estabilidade e adaptabilidade (Annicchiarico) utilizando o programa GENES; as médias foram agrupadas pelo teste de Scott Knott a 5% de probabilidade. Para AP e AE, houve interação genótipos x ambientes significativa. A linhagem-elite utilizada como testadora foi eficiente na discriminação do mérito relativo das linhagens S2 em cruzamentos topcrosses. As linhagens S2 cujas combinações híbridas em topcrosses com o testador apresentaram elevado potencial genético deverão ser avançadas no programa de melhoramento. Os híbridos topcrosses HTC 11, HTC 15, HTC 44, HTC 52, HTC 56, HTC 72 e HTC 86 apresentaram boa produtividade de grãos e estabilidade em todos os ambientes estudados.
Palavras-chave: Zea mays, Annicchiarico, produtividade de grãos, adaptabilidade, estabilidade fenotípica.
EVALUATION OF CORN S2 LINES IN TOPCROSSES WITH ELITE LINE TESTER
ABSTRACT - The objective was to evaluate the potential of partly inbred lines (S2) of corn in topcrosses, using an elite inbred line as a tester. Four experiments were conducted, two in the south center region of Paraná State and two in the northwest region of Minas Gerais State. We evaluated 121treatments in each experiment, i.e. , 108 topcrosses hybrids from S2 lines crossed with a tester inbred line and 13 commercial hybrids (checks). The genotyps were evaluated in triple lattice design 11x11. The plots were composed of a line with 5 meters spacing of 0.80 meters between lines with a population of 62,500 plants per hectare. We evaluated the agronomic characteristics plant height and ear , grain yield and stability and adaptability of grain yield. Data were subjected to individual and joint analysis of variance, and stability and adaptability (Annicchiarico) using the GENES program. The means were grouped by the Scott Knott test at 5% probability. For plant height and ear height, there was significant genotypes x environments interaction. The elite inbred line used as tester was efficient in the discrimination of the relative merits of S2 lines in topcrosses . The S2 partly inbred lines whose had high genetic potential in topcrosses should be advanced in the breeding program. The topcrosses hybrids, HTC 11, HTC 15, HTC 44, HTC 52, HTC 56, HTC 72 and HTC 86 produce good grain yield and stability in all studied environments.
Keywords: Zea mays, Annicchiarico, grain yield, adaptability, phenotypic stability.
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