MANEJO DA ADUBAÇÃO FOSFATADA E POTÁSSICA NO CULTIVO SUCESSIVO DE MILHO E SORGO PARA SILAGEM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v18n1p14-29Keywords:
Zea mays L., Sorghum bicolor L., forragemAbstract
RESUMO – O manejo da adubação nas culturas de sorgo e milho para a silagem com base na quantidade exportada de
nutrientes é uma alternativa para manter a produtividade de biomassa em áreas com teores “muito altos” dos elementos
no solo. Diante disso, o trabalho teve por objetivo quantificar a reposição de P e K e a variação dos nutrientes no
solo em área de cultivo sucessivo de milho e sorgo para silagem. Foram implantados dois experimentos com cinco
cultivos sucessivos entre os anos de 2013 e 2016 (três cultivos de milho e dois de sorgo). O delineamento foi de blocos
casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram doses de 0, 40, 80, 120 e 160 kg ha-1 de P2O5 no experimento
I, e 0, 30, 60, 90 e 120 kg ha-1 de K2O no experimento II, aplicadas em cada cultivo. O balanço de nutrientes no sistema
de cultivo de milho e sorgo indicou 95,3 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e 297,3 kg ha-1 de K2O para contrabalançar as exportações dos
nutrientes, equivalendo à reposição de 5,2 kg de P2O5 e 15,7 kg de K2O por megagrama de matéria seca produzida. O
uso das doses de reposição durante cinco cultivos sucessivos das forrageiras manteve a disponibilidade de P próximo
e de K acima dos teores originais na camada de 0-20 cm.
Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., Sorghum bicolor L., forragem, exportação de nutrientes.
MANAGEMENT OF PHOSPHATE AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION
IN THE SUCCESSIVE CULTIVATION OF CORN AND SORGHUM FOR SILAGE
ABSTRACT – Fertilization management in sorghum and corn crops for silage based on the exported amount of
nutrients is an alternative to maintain the productivity of biomass in areas with “very high” levels of the elements in the
soil. Therefore, the objective of this work was to quantify the replacement of P and K and the nutrient variation in the
soil in a successive corn and sorghum silage area. Two experiments were carried out with five successive crops from
2013 to 2016 (three maize and two sorghum crops). The experiment used a randomized complete block design with
four replications. The treatments were 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1 of P2O5 in the experiment I and 0, 30, 60, 90 and
120 kg ha-1 K2O in the experiment II, applied to each crop. The nutrient balance in the maize and sorghum succession
system indicated 95.3 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and 297.3 kg ha-1 of K2O to compensate the exports of nutrients, corresponding to
the need to replace 5.2 kg of P2O5 and 15.7 kg of K2O per megagram of dry matter produced. The use of replenishment
rates during five successive fodder crops maintained the availability of P near and K above the original contents in the
0-20 cm layer.
Keywords: Zea mays L., Sorghum bicolor L., Moench., forage, nutrient export.
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