ESTRATÉGIAS EXPERIMENTAIS PARA AVALIAR O MILHO HÍBRIDO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v16n2p263-272Keywords:
tamanho da parcela, efeito de bordadura, melhoramento de milhoAbstract
RESUMO - Esse experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de propor o número de plantas na avaliação de híbridos simples de milho, se há necessidade de bordadura nos experimentos e se as diferentes linhas das parcelas afetam o desempenho dos híbridos. Foram avaliados seis híbridos simples comerciais no delineamento de blocos casualizados, com três repetições e parcelas de quatro linhas, com 40 plantas por linha. A colheita foi realizada por planta georreferenciada em cada linha/parcela. Para cada tamanho de parcela foram efetuadas 1.000 reamostragens, sendo realizadas as análises de variância e estimadas a acurácia e a coincidência na detecção dos dois melhores híbridos identificados na parcela padrão (160 plantas). Não há necessidade de bordadura e o desempenho dos híbridos não varia em função das linhas das parcelas. As estimativas da acurácia e a coincidência dos experimentos em identificar os dois melhores híbridos são muito grandes, em relação ao emprego de 160 plantas, a partir de parcelas com 50. A variação dentro das parcelas é sempre inferior à observada entre parcelas. Portanto, para reduzir custos e melhorar a eficiência dos programas de melhoramento de milho, as parcelas de avaliação de híbrido simples não necessitam ter mais do que 50 plantas.
Palavras-chave: tamanho da parcela, efeito de bordadura, acurácia, melhoramento de milho.
EXPERIMENTAL STRATEGIES TO EVALUATE CORN HYBRIDS
ABSTRACT - This experiment was conducted with the objective of proposing the number of plants for evaluating simple corn hybrids, as well as the need of borders in the experiment, and if the distinct plot lines affect hybrid performance. We evaluated six simple commercial hybrids, in a randomized block design, with three replicates and four lines of 40 plants each. Harvesting was conducted per georeferenced plant in each line/plot. For each plot size, we conducted 1.000 re-samplings, performing variance analyses and estimating the accuracy and coincidence in identifying the two best hybrids from the standard plot (160 plants). There is no need for borders, and hybrid performance does not vary in function of plot lines. The accuracy and coincidence estimates for identifying the two best hybrids are large in relation to the employment of 160 plants, based on plots with 50 plants. The range within the plots is always inferior to that observed between plots. Therefore, to reduce and improve the efficiency of corn breeding programs, the plots for evaluating simple hybrids have no need for more than 50 plants.
Keywords: plot size, border effect, accuracy, corn breeding.
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