APLICAÇÃO DE NITROGÊNIO COMPLEMENTAR VIA FOLIAR NA CULTURA DO MILHO SUBMETIDO AO DESPENDOAMENTO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v18n1p123-132Keywords:
N complementar, pendoamento, Zea mays.Abstract
RESUMO – O milho é uma planta monoica, e a geração de novos híbridos exige a remoção do pendão das plantas.
Sabe-se que a remoção do pendão possui efeito negativo na produtividade da cultura. Contudo, a aplicação de N
complementar, via foliar, poderia minimizar essas perdas. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar como o N
complementar afeta a produtividade e os componentes de rendimento da cultura do milho submetida ao despendoamento.
O estudo foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 x 5, sendo duas safras
(2014/15 e 2015/16), três momentos de despendoamento (sem despondoamento, arranquio de 2-3 folhas e arranquio
de 4-5 folhas antes do pendoamento) e cinco doses de N complementar (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 L ha-1) aplicadas no estádio de
pré-pendoamento (VT). Não foi verificada interação N complementar X despendoamento para nenhuma das variáveis
estudadas. A menor produtividade foi verificada no despendoamento de 4-5 folhas. A aplicação de N complementar
aumentou a produtividade da cultura do milho, e a aplicação de 11,5 L ha-1 incrementou a produtividade em 448 kg
ha-1. O despendoamento diminuiu a produtividade da cultura do milho, quanto mais precoce o despendoamento, mais
negativo é o efeito na produtividade.
Palavras-chave: Melhoramento genético, N complementar, pendoamento, produção de sementes, Zea mays.
FOLIAR APPLICATION OF COMPLEMENTARY NITROGEN,
IN MAIZE SUBJECTED TO DETASSELING
ABSTRACT – Maize is a monoic plant and the generation of new hybrids requires the removal of the tassel from the
plants, which has a negative effect on crop yield. However, the use of complementary leaf nitrogen (N) fertilization,
could minimize the yield losses. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect os the application of
complementary N affects on yield of the maize crop subjected to detasseling. The study was carried out in a randomized
complete block design, with a 2 x 3 x 5 factorial scheme and four replications. Two growing seasons (2014/15 and
2015/16), three detasseling moments (without detasseling, detasseling of 2-3 leaves, and detasseling of 4-5 leaves)
and five doses of complementary N (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 L ha-1) applied at the VT stage. There was no interaction between
complementary N and detasseling for any of the variables studied. The lowest yield was verified with the detasseling
of 4-5 leaves. The application of complementary N showed a positive effect on maize yield, and the application of 11.5
L ha-1 of complementary N provided yield increase of 448 kg ha-1. The detasseling technique had negative effects on
maize crop yield, the earlier is the detasseling, the more negative is the effect on yield.
Keywords: Genetic improvement, Seed production, tasseling, Zea mays.
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