PRODUTIVIDADE DO MILHO COM A APLICAÇÃO DE Azospirillum spp. DIRETAMENTE NA CAIXA SEMEADORA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v17n2p229-239Keywords:
Zea mays, inoculante, rendimentoAbstract
RESUMO - A inoculação das sementes com Azospirillum spp. é uma prática que tem sido rotineiramente realizada no milho, sobretudo via formulação líquida. Todavia, as respostas relativas a outros modos de inoculação com diferentes formulações são, ainda, pouco conhecidas. Desta forma, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a eficiência agronômica de doses de A. brasilense em formulação polimérica em pó, aplicada diretamente na caixa semeadora, sobre os componentes da produtividade do milho. Para tanto, foi conduzido um ensaio em blocos casualisados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de uma testemunha, dose total de N, ½ dose de N; ½ dose de N + inoculação comercial padrão e ½ dose de N + quatro doses de inoculante em pó (1, 2, 4 e 8 g kg-1), aplicado na caixa semeadora. Foram avaliados os caracteres produtividade, números de fileira por espiga e de grãos por fileira, massa de mil grãos, matéria seca da parte aérea e teores de N nos grãos e na parte aérea. Nas condições testadas, a dose de 2 g kg-1 de sementes do inoculante, quando associada à adubação nitrogenada de 90 kg ha-1, apresentou superioridade no rendimento da cultura, ultrapassando, inclusive, a inoculação comercial com produto líquido.
Palavras-chave: Zea mays, fixação biológica, inoculante, rendimento.
MAIZE YIELD IN RESPONSE TO THE APLICATION OF Azospirillum spp. INTO THE SEED TANK
ABSTRACT - Seed inoculation with Azospirillum spp. is a practice that has been routinely carried out in maize crop, especially via liquid formulation. However, responses concerning other methods of inoculation of different formulations are still poorly understood. The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of the application of powder formulation of Azospirillum brasilense directly into the sowing box. For this purpose, a randomized block trial with 4 replications was carried out. The treatments tested consisted of absence of N fertilizer, the full N recommendation and a combination of the half of recommended N associated with the inoculation of four doses of A. brasilense (1, 2, 4 and 8 g kg-1) in powder formulation. The following variables were evaluated: number of kernel per row, number of row per ear, shoot dry biomass, thousand seed weight, grain N content, shoot N content and grain yield. All treatments submitted to inoculation with the powder formulation showed higher yields than the treatment in which the total dose of N was applied. However, superior results were obtained for the treatment in which ½ dose of N was associated with the powder inoculant in the proportion of 2 g kg-1 of seed.
Keywords: Zea mays, biological fixation, inoculant, productivity.
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