MICROSCOPIA DO AMIDO E DIGESTIBILIDADE DE GRÃOS EM HÍBRIDOS DE MILHO SILAGEIROS COM DIFERENTES VITREOSIDADES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v15n3p607-618Keywords:
matriz proteica, Zea mays L.Abstract
RESUMO - O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar em nível microscópico a estruturação dos grânulos de amido nas porções vítrea e farinácea dos grãos e a influência na digestibilidade de grãos de milho com diferentes vitreosidades, colhidos no ponto de ensilagem. Foram avaliados 12 híbridos comerciais de milho, divididos em dois grupos (seis com grãos duros e seis com grãos dentados). Os experimentos foram conduzidos em dois locais no Centro-Sul do Paraná nos municípios de Guarapuava e Laranjeiras do Sul, sendo as plantas colhidas para análise dos grãos no estádio de ¾ da linha do leite, correspondente ao ponto de silagem. Foram avaliadas distribuição e número de grânulos de amido por área de 5200 μm2 na região vítrea e farinácea do endosperma, por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e digestibilidade in situ dos grãos. Há maior número de grânulos de amido no endosperma farináceo dos grãos de milho quando comparado ao endosperma vítreo, aumentando assim a superfície especifica dos grânulos, nos híbridos de milho avaliados no ponto de ensilagem. A digestibilidade dos grãos de milho colhidos no ponto de silagem foi superior no grupo de híbridos dentados quando comparado ao grupo de híbridos de endosperma duro.
Palavras chaves: Grânulo de amido, matriz proteica, grãos duros e dentados, Zea mays L.
MICROSCOPY OF STARCH AND DIGESTIBILITY OF GRAINS OF MAIZE HYBRIDS FOR SILAGE WITH DIFFERENT VITREOUSNESS
ABSTRACT - The objective of this study was to evaluate by microscopy the starch granules structure in vitreous and floury portions of the grains and the effect on the digestibility of maize hybrid grains with different vitreousness, harvested at the silage point. Twelve commercial corn hybrids were evaluated, divided into two groups (six with hard grains and six with dent grains). The experiments were conducted in two places in Center-South of Paraná State, at the cities of Guarapuava and Laranjeiras do Sul, and the plants were harvested in the stage ¾ of milk line, corresponding to the silage point. Distribution and number of starch granules per area of 5200 μm2 in the vitreous and farinaceous region were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and in situ digestibility of the grains. A greater number of starch granules was observed in the floury endosperm of the corn grains compared to the vitreous endosperm, increasing the specific surface area of the granules in the evaluated hybrids at the silage point. The digestibility of corn grain harvested at the silage point was higher in the group of dent hybrids when compared to the group of hard endosperm hybrids.
Keywords: Starch granule, protein matrix, hard grain and dent grain, Zea mays L.
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